κεῖμαι

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Mon, 04/03/2023 - 09:31

Word-form

κώμη

Transliteration (Word)

kōmē

English translation (word)

unwalled village

Transliteration (Etymon)

keimai

English translation (etymon)

to lie down

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. 132

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

[Etymologicum Genuinum AB]

Ref.

fr. 132

Ed.

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Quotation

Kώμη· παρὰ τὸ κῶ, τὸ κοιμῶμαι, ὁ μέλλων κώσω καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ κώμη. ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις κοιμητηρία καὶ ἀνάπαυσις ζῴων τε καὶ ἀνθρώπων ἀπὸ τῶν ἀγρῶν.

Translation (En)

Kōmē "unwalled village": from * "to lie down", future kōsō and from there kōmē. As if we also called koimētēria "dormitory" animals and men back from the fields resting.

Other translation(s)

Kōmē « village » : de *, « se coucher », kōsō au futur et de là kōmē. comme si on appelait aussi "dortoir" (koimētēria) le repos des animaux et des hommes venus des champs.

Comment

Derivational etymology. The etymon is the thematic form of κεῖμαι. From this ghost monosyllabic verb *κῶ is derived an invented future *κώσω (after the type δηλῶ : δηλώσω). Starting from the future is regular in Philoxenus' theory, even when no such future exists, as is the case here. Semantically, the village is the place where one lies down to sleep (functional etymology, the function of the village is to provide a shelter for the night) rather than that which lies in a given place (descriptive etymology), which would also be possible.

Parallels

Herodian, De prosodia catholica, Gr. Gr. 3.1, p. 325 (κώμη εἴρηται ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐν αὐταῖς κοιμᾶσθαί τε καὶ αὐλίζεσθαι, ὡς Φιλόξενος); Herodian, Schematismi Homerici, §111 (τὸ δὲ κῶμος ἀπὸ τοῦ κοιμῶμαι, ἐξ οὗ καὶ κώμη τὸ χωρίον, ἡ κοιμητηρία καὶ ἀνάπαυσις τῶν ζώων); Orion, Etymologicum, kappa, p. 85 (Κώμη. παρὰ τὸ κῶ ῥῆμα, οὗ μέλλων κώσω. δηλοῖ δὲ τὸ κοιμᾶσθαι); Stephanus Byzantius, Ethnica, p. 400 (Kώμη· παρὰ τὸ κῶ, τὸ κοιμῶμαι, ὁ μέλλων κώσω καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ κώμη. ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις κοιμητηρία καὶ ἀνάπαυσις ζῴων τε καὶ ἀνθρώπων ἀπὸ τῶν ἀγρῶν); Etym. Parvum, kappa 26 (Κωμῳδία· ἔστι κῶ καὶ σημαίνει τὸ κοιμῶμαι· ἐκ τούτου γίνεται κώμη· τὸ χωρίον, διὰ τοῦ Ω μεγάλου, εἰς ὃ κοιμῶνται πολλοί); Epimerismi Homerici Il. 1.26,b2 (τὸ δὲ κοῖλος παρὰ τὸ κῶ, τὸ κεῖμαι· τὸ δὲ κῶ σημαίνει δύο, κῶ, τὸ καίω, ἐξ οὗ τὸ κείω· πῦρ μέγα κειάμενοι (cf. ψ 51)· καὶ τὸ κοιμῶμαι, οὗ ὁ μέλλων κώσω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ κώμη καὶ κῶμα); Etym. Gudianum, kappa, p. 357 (τὸ δὲ κῶμος παρὰ τὸ κῶ τὸ κοιμῶμαι, ἐξ οὗ καὶ κώμη τὸ χωρίον, ἢ κοιμητήριον, καὶ ἀνάπαυσις τῶν ζώων); ibid., kappa, p. 358 (Κωμῳδία, κῶ τὸ κοιμῶμαι· ἐκ τούτου γίνεται κώμη. τὸ χωρίον, εἰς ὃ κοιμῶνται πολλοί· καὶ ἐκ τούτου γίνεται κωμῳδία); Eustathius, Comm. Il. vol. 1, p. 160 (Περὶ δὲ τοῦ «ὀρεσκῴοισι» γέγραπται εἰς τὴν Ὀδύσσειαν ἐν τῷ «Λακεδαίμονα κητώεσσαν». ἐνταῦθα δὲ τοῦτο μόνον ῥητέον, ὅτι ἀπὸ τοῦ κείω τὸ κεῖμαι γίνεται κοῖος καὶ ἐκτάσει κῷος, ὡς πατροῖος πατρῷος· ὅθεν καὶ ὀρεσκῷοι θῆρες οἱ ἐν ὄρεσι κείοντες, ὅ ἐστι κείμενοι καὶ διάγοντες· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ κῶ τὸ κεῖμαι κατὰ πρόσληψιν συλλαβῆς κῶος καὶ ὀρεσκῶος, ὥσπερ καὶ κώμη ἀπὸ τοῦ κῶ γίνεται προσλαβόντος τὴν μη συλλαβὴν ὁμοίως τῷ ῥῶ ῥώμη, βρῶ βρώμη, τρῶ τρώμη ἡ τρῶσις, γνῶ γνώμη); ibid., vol. 3, p. 661 (ἴσως δὲ καὶ ὥσπερ χῶ χῶμα, βρῶ βρῶμα, τρῶ τρῶμα, ζῶ ζῶμα, οὕτω καὶ κῶ, τὸ κεῖμαι, κῶμα. ἐκ δὲ τοῦ κῶ κατὰ ἑτέραν παραγωγὴν καὶ κώμη γίνεται, ὡς γνῶ γνώμη, τρῶ τρώμη, ἡ τρῶσις, βρῶ βρώμη, βρῶσις); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 550 (Κωμάζειν: [...] Γίνεται δὲ παρὰ τὸ κῶ, τὸ κοιμῶμαι· οὗ ὁ μέλλων, κώσω· ὅθεν καὶ κώμη τὸ χωρίον, ἡ κοιμητηρία καὶ ἀνάπαυσις ζῴων τε καὶ ἀνθρώπων ἀπὸ τῶν ἔργων); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, kappa, p. 1276 (Κώμη. ἡ πόλις. παρὰ τὸ κῶ, τὸ κοιμῶμαι, κώμη. ὡς ἂν εἴποι τις κωμητήρια καὶ ἀναπαύσεις ζώων τὲ καὶ ἀνθρώπων ἀπὸ τῶν ἔργων)

Modern etymology

Unclear (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes

Entry By

Eva Ferrer