κῆλον
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Reference
Edition
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
κήλη καὶ κάλη· τὸ πάθος. παρὰ τὸ κῆλον καὶ κᾶλον, ὅ ἐστι ξύλινον καὶ ξηρόν, ἀφ’ οὗ παρώνυμον κάλη καὶ κήλη· περὶ τὰ μέρη γὰρ ἐκεῖνα εἰς ὄγκον ἐπιδέδωκε τοῦ συνήθους μείζονα· ἀφ’ οὗ καὶ σκληρά. οὕτω Φιλόξενος ἐν τῷ Περὶ μονοσυλλάβων ῥημάτων.
Translation (En)
Kēlē and kalē "tumor", the disease. From kēlon and kalon "dry wood", that which is hard and dry, from which come kēlē and kalē; because it grows around parts until they reach a bigger size than normal; sklēra "hard" comes from this as well. That is what Philoxenus says in his On monosyllabic verbs.
Other translation(s)
Kēlē et kalē "tumeur", la maladie. De kēlon and kalon "bois à brûler", ce qui est dur et sec, d’où viennent les dérivés kēlē et kalē; car elle s’ajoute autour des parties jusqu’à ce que celles-ci atteignent une taille plus grande que la normale; sklēra "dur" vient aussi de là. Voilà ce qu’écrit Philoxène dans le Des verbes monosyllabiques.
Parallels
Etym. Magnum, Kallierges p. 510 (Κήλη: Τὸ πάθος· παρὰ τὸ κάλον, ὅ ἐστι ξύλινον καὶ σκληρόν· ἀφ’ οὗ παρώνυμον κάλη καὶ κήλη· ἐπεὶ τὰ μέρη ἐκεῖνα εἰς ὄγκον ἐπιδιδόμενα μείζονα τοῦ συνήθους γίνεται· ἀφ’ οὗ καὶ σκληρά)
Comment
Philoxenus' etymology starts from the Attic form κᾱ́λη, assuming that the Ionic form κήλη displays the regular alternation between Attic ᾱ and Ionic η as in ἡμέρᾱ vs ἠμέρη. He did not pay attention to the fact that the context is different because this divergence between Attic and Ionic occurs only after /r/ and vowels, never after /l/. This enables him to relate the word to κᾶλον "dry wood, log". It is a descriptive etymology relying on a metaphor: the tumor is hard like dry wood.