τίθημι

Word

Validation

No

Last modification

Wed, 02/15/2023 - 13:03

Word-form

θῶκος

Word-lemma

LSJ

Etymon-lemma

LSJ

Transliteration (Word)

thôkos

English translation (word)

seat

Transliteration (Etymon)

tithēmi

English translation (etymon)

to set

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. 7

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Orion

Ref.

Etymologicum, theta, p. 73

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig: Weigel, 1820 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973): 1-172

Quotation

θῶκος· παρὰ τὸ θάσω καὶ θώσω, ὅ ἐστιν ἀπὸ τοῦ θῶ, οὗ μέλλων θώσω. οὕτω Φιλόξενος.

Translation (En)

Thôkos "seat", derived from *thasō and *thōsō, which come from *thô "to set" of which the future is *thōsō. That is what Philoxenus says.

Other translation(s)

Thôkos "siège", dérivé de *thasō et *thōsō, qui viennent de *thô "placer" dont le futur est *thōsō. Voilà ce qu’écrit Philoxène. 

Comment

Derivational etymology relating θώκος to the group of τίθημι, under the form of the monosyllabic *θῶ. The derivation, as usual, starts from the future (a ghost-form assumed for the sake of the derivation). It is phonetically straightforward.

Parallels

Philoxenus, fr. *97 (θᾶκος· ὁ καὶ θῶκος καλούμενος, ἡ καθέδρα. παρὰ τὸ θῶ τὸ σημαῖνον τὸ τιθῶ γέγονε θᾶκος καὶ θῶκος.); Etym. Gudianum, theta, p. 253 (Θῶκος. παρὰ τὸ θέσω, καὶ θώσω· ὅ ἐστιν ἀπὸ τοῦ θῶ. οὗ μέλλων θώσω. οὕτω Φιλόξενος); Eusthatius, Comm. Il, 2, Van der Valk, p. 697 (ἐξ οὗ θᾶκος ὁ θρόνος λέγεται, ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ θῶ ὁ θῶκος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges p. 441 (Θάκος: Ὁ καὶ θῶκος καλούμενος, ἡ καθέδρα. Παρὰ τὸ θῶ, τὸ τιθῶ, θῶκος καὶ θάκος, ὁ θρόνος); ibid., p. 460 (Θῶκος: Ἡ καθέδρα· παρὰ τὸ θῶ, τὸ ἑδραιῶ· ἢ γίνεται κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν ἀπὸ τοῦ θέω· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ θοῶ· ἐξ οὗ παράγωγον, θοάζω· ἔνθεν Σοφοκλῆς Οἰδίποδι, Τίνας ποθ’ ἕδρας τάσδέ μοι θοάζετε; Ἀντὶ τοῦ προσκαθέζεσθε. Θῶ οὖν· ὁ μέλλων, θώσω· γίνεται θῶκος, ἡ τοῦ θεῖν ἡμᾶς ἐπέχουσα καθέδρα.); ibid. p. 461 (θῶ, τὸ ἑδραιῶ, ἐξ οὗ καὶ θῶκος, ὁ θρόνος); Ps. Zonaras, Lexicon, theta, p. 1019 (Θάκος. καθέδρα, θρόνος. ὁ καὶ θῶκος. παρὰ τὸ θῶ, τὸ τιθῶ, θῶκος καὶ θάκος); ibid., theta, p. 1065 (Θῶκος. ὁ θρόνος. παρὰ τὸ θῶ ῥῆμα, ὃ σημαίνει κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν τὸ ἑδραῖον, ὁ μέλλων θώσω, γίνεται θῶκος, ἡ τοῦ θύειν ἡμᾶς ἐπέχουσα καθέδρα. τὸ δὲ θῶ γέγονε παρὰ τὸ θοῶ, ἀφ’ οὗ τὸ θοάζω. ὡς βοῶ βοάζω. καὶ νύκτα θοὴν τὴν ἑδραίους ἡμᾶς ποιοῦσαν, καὶ δαῖτα θοήν· τὸ γὰρ θοὸν δηλοῖ τὸ ἑδραῖον καὶ ἀσφαλὲς καὶ ἰσχυρόν); ibid., theta, p. 1068 (Θῶ. τὸ ἑδραιῶ. ἐξ οὗ καὶ θῶκος, ὁ θρόνος)

Modern etymology

Unclear (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has θώκος "foundation" as a learned word
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