ἅμα + ἔπος
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English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Quotation
Ἐμμαπέως· ταχέως, ἅμα τῷ λόγῳ. οὕτω δὲ Φιλόξενος σχηματίζει τὴν λέξιν ἐν δευτέρῳ Περὶ μονοσυλλάβων ῥημάτων· παρὰ τὸ ἔπος γράφουσι σύνθετον τὸ ἀμεπής, ὡς ψεῦδος ἀψευδής. εἶτα ἐξ αὐτοῦ γράφουσι μεσότητος ἐπίρρημα ἀμεπῶς, ὡς ἀψευδῶς, καὶ ἐν Ἰωνικῇ διαλύσει ἀμεπέως, ὡς ἀψευδέως. καὶ ἐπεὶ τρεῖς βραχεῖαι ἀλλεπάλληλοι οὐ συνίστανται, τῷ διπλασιασμῷ τοῦ μ καὶ ἀντιπαραχωρήσει τοῦ α καὶ ε γίνεται ἐμμαπέως.
Translation (En)
Emmapeōs "quickly", simultaneous with (hama) speaking. This is how Philoxenus forms this word in the second volume of his On monosyllabic verbs: from epos "word" the compound *amepēs is made, as in pseudos "lie" apseudēs "true". Then, from there is formed the adverb of manner *amepōs, as is apseudōs, and in the Ionian dialect *amepeōs, as apseudeōs. And since having three short vowels one after the other is not a correct formation, by doubling the m and exchanging the a with the e, emmapeōs is formed.
Other translation(s)
Emmapeōs "rapidement", en même temps que (hama) la parole. Et Philoxène forme le mot ainsi dans le deuxième volume du Des verbes monosyllabiques: à partir de epos "parole", on fait un composé *amepēs, comme on fait apseudēs "véridique" à partir de pseudos "mensonge". Puis, à partir de là, on écrit l’adverbe de manière *amepōs, comme apseudōs, et on a la forme non-contractée *amepeōs en ionien, comme apseudeōs. Et puisqu’il n'est pas correct d’avoir trois brèves les unes après les autres, emmapeōs a été formé par gémination du m et échange du a et du e.
Parallels
Orion, Etymologicum, epsilon, p. 51 (Ἐμμαπέως. κατὰ μετάθεσιν καὶ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ μ, ἀμεπέως ἅμα τῷ λόγῳ); Hesychius, Lexicon, epsilon 2358 (ἐμμαπέως· ἐσπουδασμένως (AS) ταχέως r ἅμα τῷ εἰπεῖν n προθύμως); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon 463 (Ἐμμαπέως· ... παρὰ τὸ ἅμα ἔπει κατὰ μετάθεσιν καὶ πλεονασμόν); Eusthatius, Comm. Il. vol. 2 p. 212 (Ὅτι ἐν τῷ «ὃ δ’ ἂρ ἐμμαπέως ἀπόρουσε», τὸ ἐμμαπέως λέξις ἐστὶ ποιητική, δηλοῦσα τὸ σπουδαίως, οἱονεὶ ἀμεπέως, ἤγουν ἅμα ἔπει καὶ λόγῳ κατὰ Φιλόξενον, καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν ἐμμαπέως, ἵνα λέγῃ ὅτι κατέβη τοῦ ἅρματος ὁ Σθένελος ἅμα τῷ λαλούσης αἰσθέσθαι τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 335 (Ἐμμαπέως: Ἀπὸ τοῦ ἅμα, τοῦ σημαίνοντος τὸ ὁμοῦ καὶ ἐξαίφνης, καὶ τοῦ ἔπος, τοῦ σημαίνοντος τὸν λόγον, γέγονεν ἀμεπέως· καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τῶν φωνηέντων, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ, ἐμμαπέως, οἱονεὶ ἅμα τῷ λόγῳ καὶ τῷ ἔργῳ, ἐσπευσμένως, ταχέως, ἢ προθύμως· « Ὁ δ’ ἄρ’ ἐμμαπέως ἀπόρουσεν »); Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 361 (Ἐμμαπέως· ἐσπευσμένως, ταχέως, ἢ προθύμως· παρὰ τὸ ἅμα, τὸ σημαῖνον τὸ ὁμοῦ καὶ ἐξαίφνης, καὶ τὸ ἔπος, ὃ σημαίνει τὸν λόγον, γέγονεν ἀμεπέως· καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τῶν φωνηέντων, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ ἐμμαπέως, οἱονεὶ ἅμα τῷ λόγῳ καὶ τῷ ἔργῳ ταχέως); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, epsilon 712 (Ἐμμαπέως. ἐσπασμένως, ταχέως, σπουδαίως, προθύμως. παρὰ τὸ ἅμα, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ὁμοῦ καὶ ἐξαίφνης, [καὶ τὸ ἔπος, ὃ σημαίνει τὸν λόγον, γέγονεν ἀμεπέως, καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τῶν φωνηέντων καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ ἐμμεπέως. οἱονεὶ ἅμα τῷ λόγῳ καὶ τὸ ἔργον ταχέως. ὁ δ’ ἄρ’ ἐμμαπέως—])
Comment
Compositional etymology, rather surprising. Instead of assuming that the first member is ἐν-, Philoxenus assumes the first member is ἅμα-: this requires several formal manipulations afterwards in order to obtain the required form. He does this for semantic reasons, because once the second member is identified as ἔπος, a meaning "in the speech" would not fit, so that the etymologist invents a "together with speech". This etymology clearly illustrates the priority of semantic considerations over formal ones even in Philoxenus. Then the pathè, "accidents", are meant to bridge the gap between the etymon assumed on semantic grounds and the form of the lemma. In this case several formal changes are assumed: gemination of /n/, metathesis of the vowels. The assumption of an Ionic form for a Homeric word is rather natural.