ἄ-φρων
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Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Ed.
Quotation
φρόνιμος· φρῶ ἐστι ῥῆμα, ὅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ προϊῶ γέγονε πρῶ καὶ φρῶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν καὶ τροπήν. φρῶ οὖν ῥῆμα, ἀφ’ οὗ ὄνομα φρὼν καὶ σύνθετον σώφρων καὶ εὔφρων καὶ ἄφρων δέ· οὗ παράγωγον φραίνω καὶ εὐφραίνω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ τὸ φρήν. τὸ οὖν φρὼν ὄνομα γενικὴν ἔχει φρονός, οὗ παράγωγον φρόνιμος καὶ ἡ φρόνις παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ (δ 258)· „κατὰ δὲ φρόνιν ἤγαγε πολλήν“.
Translation (En)
Phronimos "wise": phrô is a verb, which comes from *proiô "to send forth", *prô and *phrô, by syncope and change <of the consonant>. *Phrô is therefore a verb, from which is derived the noun *phrōn, and in composition sōphrōn "wise" and euphrōn "cheerful" and aphrōn "insane". Its derivative is *phrainō, and euphrainō "to rejoice", from which comes also phrēn "mind". The genitive of this noun *phrōn is *phronos, and derived from the genitive is phronimos "wise", and phronis "prudence" in Homer.
Parallels
Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 800 (Φρόνις: Ὅμηρος, ‘κατὰ δὲ φρόνιν ἤγαγε πολλήν’· ὁ μὲν Ἡρωδιανὸς, παρὰ τὴν φρόνησιν, κατὰ συγκοπήν· ὁ δὲ Ὦρος [mistake for Orion], ἐκ τῆς φρὼν φρονὸς γενικῆς γίνεται φρόνις· καὶ ἡ αἰτιατικὴ, φρόνιν. Τὸ δὲ φρὼν γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ φρῶ· ὅθεν ἄφρων καὶ σώφρων. Ἡ γενικὴ, φρονός· οὗ παράγωγον, φρόνιμος· καὶ τὸ φρονῶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, phi, p. 1823 (Φρόνιμος. φρῶ ἐστι ῥῆμα, ὅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ προΐω γέγονε, πρῶ καὶ φρῶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν καὶ τροπήν· ἀφ’ οὗ ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν φρὼν, καὶ ἐν συνθέσει σώφρων καὶ εὔφρων· οὗ παράγωγον φραίνω· ἐξ οὗ καὶ τὸ φρήν. τοῦ οὖν φρὼν ὀνόματος ἡ γενικὴ φρονὸς, οὗ παράγωγον φρόνιμος· καὶ ἡ φρόνις παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ· ‘κατὰ δὲ φρόνιν ἤγαγε πολλήν’. ἐκ τοῦ φρόνησιν κατὰ συγκοπὴν φρόνιν. ὁ δὲ Μιλήσιος Ὦρος ἐκ τῆς φρὼν φρονὸς γενικῆς φρόνις, καὶ ἡ αἰτιατικὴ τὴν φρόνιν)
Comment
Derivational etymology. The form is correctly related to the compounds of φρήν, but not directly connected to the latter. Instead, from ἄφρων, σώφρων, εὔφρων is hypothesized a noun *φρών, φρονός, which allegedly is the base of φρόνις and φρόνιμος. The etymology is found in Orion's Etymologicum (phi, p. 162) up to οὗ παράγωγον φρόνιμος.