γνάθος

Validation

No

Last modification

Sun, 10/23/2022 - 21:00

Word-form

γναθμός

Transliteration (Word)

gnathmos

English translation (word)

jaw

Transliteration (Etymon)

gnathos

English translation (etymon)

jaw

Author

Herodian

Century

2 AD

Reference

Peri orthographias, Lentz IIi/2, p. 603

Edition

A. Lentz, Grammatici Graeci III/2, Leipzig 1870

Source

Etym. Magnum

Ref.

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 236

Ed.

T. Gaisford, Etymologicum Magnum, Oxford, 1848

Quotation

(EM) Ἔστι δὲ ἡ γνάθος. Παρὰ τὸ γνάπτω, γέγναπται, γναπτὸς καὶ γναθμὸς, ὡς κέκλαυσαι, κλαυθμός. Ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς γνάθος, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ, γναθμός

Translation (En)

There is gnathos "jaw", from gnamptō "to bend", <perfect> gegnaptai, <verbal adjective> gnaptos, and gnathmos "jaw", as keklausai, klauthmos "tears". But Herodian says that gnathmos is derived from gnathos by addition of the [m]

Comment

In opposition to those who derive γναθμός from the verb, assuming a suffix -θμος also found for instance in κλαυθμός, Herodian derives it from the noun γνάθος. This derivation, correct from the modern point of view, relies on the fact that the two words do not differ in meaning, which made them a very good instance of a pathos, formal modification not changing the meaning of the word

Parallels

Etym. Symeonis, gamma 124 (Γναθμός· ἡ γνάθος· παρὰ γνάπτω γέγναπται γναπτός καὶ γναθμός, ὡς κέκλαυται κλαυθμός. Ἢ ἔστιν γνάθος πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ γναθμός)

Modern etymology

Derived from γνάθος (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre